0428同步年報-2021-全

058 ACTIVITY REPORT 2021 Energy Science T he following research highlights are selected from the energy science published by the user communities during year 2021. These highlights outline synchrotron X-ray techniques that are suitable to address research questions and future directions in this domain. For example, the science highlights from NSRRC beamlines TPS 44A, TLS 01C1 , SP 12B1 and SP 12U1 show how the operando X-ray absorption technique can identify the atomic configuration and chemical state of double-atom catalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction. The highlight from TLS 23A1 demonstrates how the time-resolved grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering technique is used to study a phase transition during formation of perovskite quantum wells for solar-cell applications. The selection from TLS 16A1 demonstrates that the improvement mechanism of a Li x Zr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 buffering layer on interfacial stability and Li-ion transport dynamics is well studied for sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries. The last highlight from TLS 01C2 reveals that the unique partial substitution (~87%) of Sc 3+ in the octahedral site was demonstrated via Rietveld refinement. This result led to a random distribution of Ga 3+ and Sc 3+ ions at the Ga2 site of Ga 2 O 3 , further affecting the photoluminescent properties for light-emitting diodes. (by Yan-Gu Lin)