NSRRC Activity Report 2022

068 NSRRC ACTIVITY REPORT 2022 the pure AlCP system but occur as labile Tl(III) in the AlCP/ Fe(III)/Fe(II) system. Such labile Tl(III) may be sorbed on the precipitated Al (hydr)oxides and is subject to reduction and further dissolution, accounting for the lower removal efficiency for Tl(I) in the presence of Fe(III)/Fe(II). With the combination of Tl speciation for both dissolved and solid phases, this study shed light on the oxidative removal mechanisms of Tl(I) by means of the ZVAl-based Fenton-like reaction. The comparable Tl(I)-removal efficiency between AlCP and other state-of-the-art (nano) composites provides a niche opportunity to co-benefit the hazard remediation and waste reduction/reuse. (Reported by Yu-Ting Liu, National Chung-Hsing University and Liang- Ching Hsu, NSRRC) This report features the work of Yu-Ting Liu and her collaborators published in Chem. Eng. J. 427 , 130846 (2022). TPS 44A Quick-scanning X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy • Quick-scanning X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy • Environmental and Earth Sciences, Materials Science, Chemistry Reference 1. K.-Y. Chen, Y.-M. Tzou, L.-C. Hsu, J.-W. Guo, Y.-L. Cho, H.-Y. Teah, Y.-C. Hsieh, Y.-T. Liu, Chem. Eng. J. 427 , 130846 (2022). Accumulation of Gallium in Paddy Rice Gallium (GA) released from the semiconductor industry may accumulate in soil and eventually in rice plants. X-ray absorption spectroscopy helps elucidate the translocation of Ga in soil-rice systems. S han-Li Wang (National Taiwan University) and his colleagues recently elucidated gallium (Ga) speciation in soils and its accumulation in rice plants ( Oryza sativa L.) grown in Ga-contaminated soils. Ga released from the semiconductor industry is an emerging environmental contaminant. The presence of Ga has been detected in primary staple crops, such as rice and wheat, grown in Ga-contaminated soils. Therefore, humans are at the risk of Ga exposure through staple crops. However, our understanding of the fate of Ga in soil-plant systems and the potential risk of Ga contamination of soils remains limited. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the uptake and accumulation of Ga in rice plants, Wang’s team used X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at TLS 17C1 to explore Ga speciation in three types of soil, acidic clay (Pc), acidic sandy loam (Tn), and alkaline clay (Tk), treated with varying amounts of Ga. The roots, shoots, and grains of rice plants grown in these soils were collected at different phases of rice cultivation and analyzed to determine the corresponding Ga concentrations. The Ga concentrations of the roots of rice plants grown in Pc, Tn, and Tk soils treated with 1.0 mmol kg −1 Ga were, respectively, 74.1, 149.3, and 39.0 mg kg −1 on day 45, and 25.1, 55.6, and 24.5 mg kg −1 on day 100 ( Fig. 1(a) ). The Ga concentrations of the shoots were 3.8–15.9 and 2.5–23.4 mg kg −1 on days 45 and 100, respectively ( Fig. 1(b) ). Furthermore, the Ga concentration of the grains of rice grown in the three soils was 0.3–1.9 mg kg −1 ( Fig. 1(c) ). The results revealed that the highest proportion of the total Ga absorbed by rice plants was accumulated in the roots, and only a small proportion was translocated to the shoots and then to the grains. The grains of rice grown in Tn soil exhibited the highest Ga concentration and thus were selected to investigate the spatial distribution of Ga in rice grains by using laser ablation Fig. 1 : Ga concentrations in the (a) roots, (b) shoots, and (c) grains of rice plants grown in three soils (Pc, Tn, and Tk) treated with a Ga concentration of 1.0 mmol kg −1 for 45 and 100 days. The mean values are the average of data obtained from three experimental replicates. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean values. Different letters indicate significant intragroup differences ( P < 0.05). [Reproduced from Ref. 1]